Melasma, a common skin concern characterized by brown to gray-brown patches on the face, often proves challenging to treat due to its multifaceted nature. Triggered by factors like hormonal fluctuations, sun exposure, and genetics, melasma can diminish one’s self-esteem and confidence. However, dermatologists have been turning to tranexamic acid to lighten the most stubborn dark spots and patches that don’t seem to go away.
The Power of Tranexamic Acid
Washington D.C. dermatologist Tina Alster, MD explains, “Tranexamic acid blocks the interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes, thereby reducing skin pigmentation.” This mechanism proves invaluable in treating melasma, as it curtails the excessive production of melanin responsible for the pigmented patches. “It enhances the effectiveness of chemical peels and lasers by reducing the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, a common side effect of these treatments.”
Oral vs. Topical Tranexamic Acid
Oral tranexamic acid, as highlighted by Fort Lauderdale, FL dermatologist Dr. Matthew Elias, is a game-changer. “Administered at 650mg ½ tab twice daily, it blocks the pigment pathway in melasma patients,” he says. However, caution is advised. “Patients on oral contraceptives, if pregnant or at increased risk of blood clots, like smokers, should not take it.
On the other hand, topical tranexamic acid offers a safer alternative for certain patients. Vienna, VA dermatologist Brenda Dintiman, MD advocates for using a topical formula, especially for active individuals. This topical solution, like its oral counterpart, aids in skin rejuvenation and combating the notorious pigmentation. “I use the topical tranxenemic acid in Alastin A-Luminate Brightening Serum ($168) with a daily tinted sunscreen since my Type 3 skin is prove to brown spots and melasma especially when I play tennis,” she explains. “I love it for my golfers, tennis players and walkers to encourage them to work on rejuvenating their skin all year long!”
The Treatment Journey
Chicago dermatologist Lana Kashlan, MD emphasizes the superiority of oral tranexamic acid’s effectiveness over topicals. Within just eight weeks, many patients notice significant improvements. However, this Dr. Kashlan says this treatment is best suited for those with melasma with an underlying vascular component.
San Francisco dermatologist Marie Jhin Lassila, MD notes there is a prolonged journey to results, requiring patience from patients. “It takes about 8-12 weeks to display visible improvements.”
Additionally, Ft. Lauderdale, FL dermatologist Kenneth Beer, MD underscores the collaborative approach. Tranexamic acid’s synergy with other modalities such as chemical peels enhance its potency and effectiveness. “There really are no cons aside from minor irritation that is associated with its use. It really depends on the person’s degree of patience. Tranexmic acid takes a while to see results. I think that it is not really strong enough to use by itself, so it is something we use with other products. For patients that do not want to use hydroquinone, this is a nice alternative.”
Navigating Tranexamic Acid Use
While the effectiveness of tranexamic acid is undeniable, its use comes with considerations. New York dermatologist Peter Chien, MD highlights the potency of the oral form, emphasizing its superiority over commercially available topical versions. “The oral form is more potent than commercially available ones, presently 3% in Skinceuticals’ Discoloration Defense ($108) formulation,” he says.
Dr. Sarah Gee, MD, adds an intriguing insight. ” What’s interesting about melasma and why we think the treatment is so challenging is that not only is there increased pigment, but biopsies show a prominent increase in blood vessels. This isn’t something that we can see, but can partially explain why tranexamic acid, a clotting agent, can help with pigmentation in the skin.”
The journey to clear and radiant skin, especially when combating melasma, demands patience, knowledge, and a personalized approach. Whether oral or topical, this treatment holds promise for individuals striving to reclaim their skin’s natural beauty. Remember, a dermatologist’s guidance is essential to tailor the best treatment plan for your unique needs.
